The obligations of wud u (ablution) are four:

1. Washing the face.

2. Washing the hands and arms, including elbows.

3. Wiping a quarter of the head.

4. Washing the feet, including ankles.

Each of these components must be washed once, and there are specific guidelines for each:

Washing the Face in wud u (ablution)

Washing the face is obligatory . The boundaries of the face extend from where the hair begins on the head, typically where the forehead starts, down to the area below the chin. The width is from one earlobe to the other. It is essential to wash this entire area thoroughly.For those without a beard, it is necessary to ensure that water reaches below the chin during face washing.

Obligation of Washing the Beard in wud u (ablution)

For individuals with a beard, it is obligatory to ensure that water reaches the skin beneath the beard . If the beard is thin, meaning the skin beneath is visible, one must make sure water reaches that area. If the beard is thick and the skin is not visible, it is sufficient to let water flow over the beard.

Precaution for Those with Beards

People with beards should also be cautious during wud u. There is a small area between the beard and the ear where there are no hairs. When washing the face, care must be taken not to neglect this area. If it is left unwashed, the ablution would be incomplete.

Rulings of wud u (ablution) on Colored or Artificially Treated Areas:

Similarly, if any part of the obligatory wud u remains dry due to color, glue etc, it is necessary to remove it and wash that part. If an artificial substance is applied to the nails of a woman, it must be removed for wud u ablution, but ablution is not invalidated if the substance is on top of the nails.

Rulings wud u (ablution) on Wigs, Artificial Hair, and Hair Transplant Surgery

If someone is wearing a wig and wipes over it during ablution, the ablution is not valid. The same applies to artificial hair In which artificial hair is applied by applying a membrane on the head. However, for individuals who have undergone hair transplant surgery where their own hair is implanted into the scalp, their ablution is valid.